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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTER BASED CENSUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
The researcher chose to research on this topic
“Computer Based Census Management System” because of its relevance to the
society. Meanwhile, the manual method so far has its attendant problem of being
tedious. The researcher, in order to solve this time consuming, monotonous, and
repetitive manual census activities went into a thorough study of the existing
system. In the report proper, the Structured System Analysis and Design
Methodology (SSADM) was adopted and explained. The high level model of the
proposed system was also designed and displayed in a format easily
understandable to the user. The high level model of the proposed system was
designed architecturally and detailed designed through its separate components.
There were four modules in all, each taking care of specific function like: the
staff management module that maintains records about the staff; the department
management module manages information about departments in the commission; the
register person, the register states, and the register LGA modules that do the
actual registration of individuals. Finally, the parallel change over methodology
was adopted to enable the commission compare the results of the two systems
(old and new) before implementation.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Census has been a reliable exercise from time,
from where government rely for decision-making, and aids for administration and
planning. According to Robert M. Groves, (2010) Director of the United States
Census Bureau;
“Just like we cannot survive without roads and
bridges, the country does not function well without an updated census to
distribute funds to areas that most need them and to support community
decisions and their own future.”
The increasing complexity of modern life means a
greater need to plan housing, schools, roads, transportation, and a vast range
of social and economic requirement for nation. This cannot be done without a
detailed count of the population. Census is being officially managed by some
organizations or government, for example the National Population Commission
(NPC).
The installation of computer in these
organizations or bodies that manages census information will assist not only in
fast-recording information but also in solving certain problems, which cannot
be easily resolved manually. The human resource of any enterprises are
considered to be their most valuable assets, if they are properly harnessed and
are well motivated to perform their assigned tasks in such a manner as to
enhance the enterprises goals and objectives.
Therefore, adequate population records will
provide all the necessary information that is associated with people, which
include the size of the population, age structure, educational attainment,
labour force and socio-economic characteristics, unlike in the manual method
which makes access to data and information very tedious. The integration of
different databases so that these databases can be merged and processed
together and mainly other reasons, prompted the researcher to develop software
for this organization, National Population Commission (NPC).
1.1 Background of the study
Census taking in Nigeria can be traced to have
started from as far back as 1966 after the colonization of Lagos by our
colonial masters. Since then, there have been several attempts to count Nigeria
population. However, these censuses are characterized by some difficulties and
deliberate and ill-minded attempts to inflate population figures; just in
favour of one geopolitical zone or the other. This does not and cannot
represent the nation‟s image as regards to human population. As a result of
this, the National Population Commission (NPC) was established using the Decree
No. 23 of 1989. The brain behind this was to have successful censuses each time
and as well accurate demographic data. It is no doubt that this Commission
(NPC) was vested with a lot of powers and functions some of which are; To
undertake the periodic enumeration of the nation‟s population through census,
sample surveys, etc. To establish and maintain the machinery for continuous and
universal registration of births and deaths To collect, collate and publish
data on migration statistics To reach and monitor national population polity
and set up national population information data bank.
Unfortunately, Nigeria still relies on foreign
statistics population information data bank for most of their population
estimation.
1.2 Statement of the problem
There are many problems affecting the National
Population Commission from maintaining a steady reliable figures and estimates.
These are the more reasons, why the researcher embarked on this research;
Inadequate manpower
Lack of equipments
Poor organisation
Unstable polity
Manual bulk carrying of data
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The objectives of this study are summarized as
follows:
To develop computerized software that
automatically stores and retrieves all information on human population.
To develop a reliable system that could be used
in collecting data/information on human population.
To develop a system that will support direct access
to the specific and required information
1.4 Significant of the Project
The system will solve problem associated with the
acquisition, storage, and retrieval of information on human population with
ease.
A timely retrieval of information is anticipated
with efficiency and reliability.
It will provide security to data that are
unauthorized, users will not gain access to those files and fraud will be
minimized in the society which will lead to improvement in administration
processes.
1.5 Scope of the Project
The major aim of the project is to design a
system that will have all information about human population and retrieving of
data when ever needed in the society. It focuses on the registration, retrieval
and management of information about individuals in the society.
1.6 Limitation of Study
During the course of this study, many things
militated against its completion, some of which are;
Lack of finance
Refusal of the National Population Commission
Awka, to give detailed answers and in some cases no answer at all to some
questions
This project is limited to all the data
associated with census population figure gotten from the National Population
Commission.
Due to time factor, not all the commissions were
reached for source of data and information.
1.7 Definition of terms
DEMOGRAPHY: Demography is the scientific study of
the changing number of births, deaths, diseases, etc in a community over a
period of time.
POPULATION: Population is the total number of
people living in a particular area, city or country.
CENSUS: A census is the procedure of
systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given
population.
ENUMERATION: Enumeration is the head to head
count of all individuals in a given society within a period of time.
MIGRATION: Migration is the act of moving from
one region or country to another. It is the movement of a group of people,
births, or other animals that move in group from one region to another.
ESTIMATION: Estimation is the act of making an
approximate calculation of something.
PROJECTION: Projection is an estimate of the rate
or amount something.
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