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THE NIGERIAN HOME VIDEO FILMS: A
SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY
ABSTRACT
There is a
wide concern for the high rate of abnormal behaviour evident in our youth as a
result of home video films they are exposed to.
This research was undertaken to find
out the significance of home video in the life of these youths, with particular
reference to Social Science Faculty of the University of Benin. This research is of immense importance
because it examines the crucial problem of home video and its influence in the
life of its audience. The researcher has
demonstrated that home video is highly influential and since youths are easily
influenced, whatever message home video carries is definitely copied by youths.
On the basis of these findings,
certain recommendations were made which would be beneficial to the government
and all agencies concerned with home-video and upbringing of youths.
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Since the
beginning of humanity, man has sought to preserve memories through the creation
of artifacts that will transcend our own lifetime and so assume ourselves some
form of posterity, perhaps even eternality.
Writing had been the major complex medium of preserved reality until the
end of 19th century, new forms of external memory appeared, first came
photography that brought a total new sense of realism to images, then sound
transmission and finally came moving images which gave the mission that life
could be recorded brought the era of television, then followed by films.
Films as a
form of mass media are means for delivering impersonal communication to a vast
audience Macionis (2007). Films have an
enormous effect on our attitudes and behaviour.
Films are forever modifying our behaviour, altering our attitudes and
opinions. It also influences our choice
of interpretation and perception of reality.
Its persuasive power is capable of taking emotional possession of her
audience. When films are tagged the
major and most persuasive mass media today, it is the principal leisure
activity of most adults and children.
Countries have sought to own a film industry and Nigeria is not an
exception.
Nigeria has
a movie/film industry valued at over three hundred and thirty billion naira,
Zik Zulu Okafor (2009). The industry is
Africa’s largest movie industry in terms of number of movies produced per
year. When home video made its debut in
1992 with “Living in bondage”, its success promised so much. The industry has
grown quite popular over the years.
Thus, since Nigerian home videos became ubiquitous, its impact on
viewers especially youths has been the subject of considerable research.
It is often
difficult to encounter someone who haven’t at one point seen a home video. The nature of videos produced are absolutely
captivating that her audience are held hostage by its glitz. Nollywood has been an issue of constant
debate as regards to its connection to the attitude and behaviour of youth
vis-à-vis the content of the movies.
It has a lot
of emphasis on interpersonal violence and acquisitive lawlessness, a role both
in inciting aggressive behaviours.
Youths learn to be aggressive by imitating the actors much as they learn
cognitive and social skill by imitation as children. Youths exposed to violence reveals the
danger of demonstrating socially undesirable behaviour and criminal techniques. Sexual and romantic films have a profound effect. Sexual passions are aroused and amateur
prostitution is aggravated. The
proliferation of cheap, dehumanized sex and violence in films are bound over
the long run to have a harmful effect not merely in encouraging more violent
actions but gradually deadening the sensibilities of those exposed to such
films.
In addition,
there is the fear that adolescents who grow up on a steady diet of the
negativity of home videos may be impaired in their moral development
1.1 Statement of Problem
This is an attempt to examine and
evaluate the influence of home video on youths.
In recent times, people in position
of authority and even parents and the rest of the public have drawn attention
to the high rate of moral decadence amongst the youths.
It is a known fact that Nigerian Film
industry is an important instrument in the dissemination of information about
her people, Nollywood, with its strong hold on the society exerts powerful
moral influence on the society. These
influences exerted tend to be negative for the most part. The most popular films are often full of
gratuitous violence, sex, drugs, smoking and ritual infested.
Youths who see their “heroes” actors
blasting their enemies into bits, being promiscuous or taking drugs are likely
to be influenced by these behaviours.
This is a great problem which needs
prompt, proper and lasting solution, else the minds of our youths will become
morally bankrupt, leaving the society at large and the future of the country in
great danger.
1.2 Objectives of the Study
This research or study is planned to
find out the following:
To identify
the negative impact of films on youths.
To examine
the aspects of our value system and culture which have or have not been
projected properly in or by home videos.
To find out
if actors portray themselves as decent and reliable role models.
To determine
the level of connection between movie and fashion.
1.3 Research Questions/Hypotheses
The following hypotheses will be
tested:
That
frequent exposure to violent messages in movies leads to aggressive behaviour
and lawlessness.
Movies do
not showcase our cultural values and traditional teachings properly.
That movies
with lustful or sexual content leads to increase in promiscuity.
That movie
actors and actresses influence youths as regards indecent dressing.
That movies
generally impact negative knowledge in youths.
Justification
of Study
The findings
of this study will help in throwing more light on the influence of movies on
youths. It is expected that the study
will arouse the consciousness of individuals to the fact that movies have
influence on youths’ behaviour which could be morally acceptable or
unacceptable.
Finally, it is expected to help the
appropriate authorities in reducing the negative influence of movie messages on
youths.
1.5 Operational Definitions of Major Concept
Mass
Media: This term refers to the various
means of communication to the public. It
includes radio, televisions, etc, but here it is used to explain films and home
videos. It is called mass because the
message reaches out to more than one person at a time. It is directed to a large dispersed audience,
which is how home video operates.
Youth: This term refers to the state or time of
being young. It is the period between
childhood and adult age.
Audience: Is dispersed group of listeners or
spectators, who view home videos.
Nollywood: Is a name given to the film or movie industry
in Nigeria. It covers both actors,
producers, directors, costumiers, marketer, etc.
Home
Video: This is a term used to explain
the films that were made by Nollywood in which people buy or rent them and
watch them at home.
Aggressive
Behaviour: It refers to hostile
attitudes, that is an unfriendly behaviour.
Violence: It is an action that uses physical force
intended to hurt, damage or kill.
Film: It is a story or event recorded by a camera
operated by people which is shown on television.
Movies: Here it is used to explain home/video and
film. Three of the terms were used
interchangeably.
ABSTRACT
There is a wide concern for the high rate of abnormal behaviour evident in our
youth as a result of home video films they are exposed to. This research was undertaken to find out
the significance of home video in the life of these youths, with particular
reference to Social Science Faculty of the University of Benin. This research is of immense importance
because it examines the crucial problem of home video and its influence in the
life of its audience. The researcher has
demonstrated that home video is highly influential and since youths are easily
influenced, whatever message home video carries is definitely copied by
youths. On the basis of these findings, certain
recommendations were made which would be beneficial to the government and all
agencies concerned with home-video and upbringing of youths. CHAPTER ONE Introduction Since the beginning
of humanity, man has sought to preserve memories through the creation of
artifacts that will transcend our own lifetime and so assume ourselves some
form of posterity, perhaps even eternality.
Writing had been the major complex medium of preserved reality until the
end of 19th century, new forms of external memory appeared, first came
photography that brought a total new sense of realism to images, then sound
transmission and finally came moving images which gave the mission that life
could be recorded brought the era of television, then followed by films. Films
as a form of mass media are means for delivering impersonal communication to a
vast audience Macionis (2007). Films
have an enormous effect on our attitudes and behaviour. Films are forever modifying our behaviour,
altering our attitudes and opinions. It
also influences our choice of interpretation and perception of reality. Its persuasive power is capable of taking
emotional possession of her audience.
When films are tagged the major and most persuasive mass media today, it
is the principal leisure activity of most adults and children. Countries have sought to own a film industry
and Nigeria is not an exception. Nigeria has a movie/film industry valued at
over three hundred and thirty billion naira, Zik Zulu Okafor (2009). The industry is Africa’s largest movie
industry in terms of number of movies produced per year. When home video made its debut in 1992 with
“Living in bondage”, its success promised so much. The industry has grown quite
popular over the years. Thus, since
Nigerian home videos became ubiquitous, its impact on viewers especially youths
has been the subject of considerable research. It is often difficult to
encounter someone who haven’t at one point seen a home video. The nature of videos produced are absolutely
captivating that her audience are held hostage by its glitz. Nollywood has been an issue of constant
debate as regards to its connection to the attitude and behaviour of youth
vis-à-vis the content of the movies. It has a lot of emphasis on interpersonal
violence and acquisitive lawlessness, a role both in inciting aggressive
behaviours. Youths learn to be
aggressive by imitating the actors much as they learn cognitive and social
skill by imitation as children. Youths
exposed to violence reveals the danger of demonstrating socially undesirable
behaviour and criminal techniques.
Sexual and romantic films have a profound effect. Sexual passions are aroused and amateur
prostitution is aggravated. The
proliferation of cheap, dehumanized sex and violence in films are bound over
the long run to have a harmful effect not merely in encouraging more violent
actions but gradually deadening the sensibilities of those exposed to such
films. In addition, there is the fear that adolescents who grow up on a steady
diet of the negativity of home videos may be impaired in their moral
development 1.1 Statement of
Problem This is an attempt to
examine and evaluate the influence of home video on youths. In recent times, people in position
of authority and even parents and the rest of the public have drawn attention
to the high rate of moral decadence amongst the youths. It is a known fact that Nigerian
Film industry is an important instrument in the dissemination of information about
her people, Nollywood, with its strong hold on the society exerts powerful
moral influence on the society. These
influences exerted tend to be negative for the most part. The most popular films are often full of
gratuitous violence, sex, drugs, smoking and ritual infested. Youths who see their “heroes” actors
blasting their enemies into bits, being promiscuous or taking drugs are likely
to be influenced by these behaviours.
This is a great problem which needs prompt, proper and lasting solution,
else the minds of our youths will become morally bankrupt, leaving the society
at large and the future of the country in great danger. 1.2 Objectives of the Study This research or study is planned to
find out the following: To identify the negative impact of films on youths. To
examine the aspects of our value system and culture which have or have not been
projected properly in or by home videos. To find out if actors portray
themselves as decent and reliable role models. To determine the level of
connection between movie and fashion. 1.3
Research Questions/Hypotheses
The following hypotheses will be tested: That frequent exposure to violent
messages in movies leads to aggressive behaviour and lawlessness. Movies do not
showcase our cultural values and traditional teachings properly. That movies
with lustful or sexual content leads to increase in promiscuity. That movie
actors and actresses influence youths as regards indecent dressing. That movies
generally impact negative knowledge in youths. Justification of Study The
findings of this study will help in throwing more light on the influence of
movies on youths. It is expected that
the study will arouse the consciousness of individuals to the fact that movies
have influence on youths’ behaviour which could be morally acceptable or
unacceptable. Finally, it is
expected to help the appropriate authorities in reducing the negative influence
of movie messages on youths. 1.5
Operational Definitions of Major Concept Mass Media: This term refers to the various means of
communication to the public. It includes
radio, televisions, etc, but here it is used to explain films and home videos. It is called mass because the message reaches
out to more than one person at a time.
It is directed to a large dispersed audience, which is how home video
operates. Youth: This term refers
to the state or time of being young. It
is the period between childhood and adult age. Audience: Is dispersed group of listeners or
spectators, who view home videos. Nollywood:
Is a name given to the film or movie industry in Nigeria. It covers both actors, producers, directors,
costumiers, marketer, etc. Home Video:
This is a term used to explain the films that were made by Nollywood in
which people buy or rent them and watch them at home. Aggressive
Behaviour: It refers to hostile
attitudes, that is an unfriendly behaviour. Violence: It is an action that uses physical force
intended to hurt, damage or kill. Film:
It is a story or event recorded by a camera operated by people which is
shown on television. Movies: Here it is
used to explain home/video and film.
Three of the terms were used interchangeably.
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