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DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM
FOR A MANUFACTURING FIRM
CHAPTER ONE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Before the advent of computer in Nigeria manufacturing firms,
just like other areas of the society were used to manual method operation. This
is to say, the operation which involves the production, transaction, customer
registration stock system and balancing of account were carried out manually.
And without any doubt this manual method of operation is very slow unreliable
of operation is very and prone to error and mistakes.
In view of this, several attempt and efforts have been made
by various organization as well as higher institution of learning on developing
or more formidable in every day application of new technology in over day to
day activities.
In March, 1995 a student of secretariat administration of
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin carried out a research project on the “
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR A MANUFACTURING FIRM ”. A project which deal
elaborately on the application of machines such as photocopier, typewriter etc.
the effective running of an organization.
In December 2000 a student of accounting at the Kwara State
College of Education, Ilorin, carried out research project on a “DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR A MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY”. Project work covers aspect such
as production sectors, sales and accounting sector of the organization, but using
a manual approach and decision making for a manufacturing industry.
In view of this, therefore, I declared to build it at and
improve the previous attempt made by others in the application of technology
and a decision, support through application on a specific computer programming
language in “ DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR A MANUFACTURING SYSTEM ” A case study
of International Tobacco Company Plc Ilorin.
1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The fact that the exiting system holds a great deal of stock
and balance of account that no one including the management wents. And most of
the mistakes is stock system customer registration and balance of account
cannot be corrected within a year of it eventually postponed this delays some
certain decision to be taken by the management of the company.
Thus, there is need for reform in the decision support system
used by the company. Decision Support System is an interactive system that
Support Decision Making Increase sales and can be used in solving users
problems.
The overall objectives of the decision support system is to
support decision making and giving a correct customer registration and stock
system so that combined lost, cost of holding stock and stock put cost are at a
minimum level.
This is done by establishing the following factors how to
prepare how the customer registration and stock system report, how to record
credit sales how to give total turn over allowance and withdraws of goods from
stocks and to when release goods. It becomes tedious and complex when it is
done manually. This is a reason why it is felt the present system should by
analyze either feasible considered.
The project will be carried out in a way to have up to one
objective which are listed below, so that it acts as guidance for the project
work.
1. To describe the exiting system and to find a formidable
solution to their various problem envisage in the system.
2. Go as much as possible eradicable various manual processes
that are reparative.
3. To improve the updating modification and presentation of
the
various report needed.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Decision reports system is the operation of continuous
decision, making is giving out to the customer so that the stock system are
adequate to support the current role of demands with due regards to the economy.
Generally, since the advent to computer in the world the
general awareness of its potential capacity as a useful tools, has grown
steadily, this development has manifested itself in several ways and different
forms. Today, computer turn up almost every where and eventually there is no
human activity which is not found useful.
Since most business are faced with large volume of data to
process and most of these data used to be processed, quickly and accurately in
order to give useful information to the officer concern and which will be used
in decision making for instance, if a supervisor officers needs to know how
money have been received, how much is spent on salaries and at the same time,
how many goods are in stocks.
Computer performs operation with high speed processed
information with accurate efficiency and reduces the paper work and sitting
cost. And this facts goes a long way in increasing the patronage, profit and
reduces the losses and the production.
1.4 METHODOLOGY
Before collection of any data at all, its is very important
to know exact what the collection is all about. One must therefore establish
whether data would be collected from the whole population of part of the
phenomena above which the information can be collected.
In this project, however the sample where the information is
supposed to be collected is International Tobacco Company Plc Ilorin, However,
looking at the number of the location company throughout the entire nation, one
would discover that it would difficult for a researcher to collect information
from the manufacturing location to get accurate information. Therefore, the
sampling technique is employed and as sample is selected on the basis of
rational thinking.
From the purpose of this study, the Head of Office of
International Tobacco Company Plc Ilorin is taken into consideration.
The concerned officers of the Company were interviewed and
conclusion through these interviewed and observation, the researcher arrived at
the sub segment conclusion.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
The day to day decision made by the stock system of account
controller determines in a very directory way the investment in stocks and
services offered to customer.
Thus the scope of the study focuses its attention on the
customer registration and stock system department of the company. The
department which have a great impact in decision making and the system involves
the following process:
Assessing the number of goods to be supplied to customer.
Deciding the extent of goods be held in stock daily.
Regulating the number of goods produced in one factory/
Regulating the issue of stock from the store.
Although this project work is done under the thorough
supervision and proper research to achieve the aims of easing the problems of
data entry processing of customer order in International Tobacco Company Plc,
Ilorin. It is only limited to the Head Office alone, however it can be further
developed enter for networking system, though it caters for relate calculation
but this varies depending on the rate. However, it can still be expended on
further improvement.
1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT
The study which is on decision support system for a
manufacturing firm covers a vital aspect. Apart from the certification,
dedication, acknowledgment, abstract the project work consist of five broad
chapters.
The first chapter is the introduction, which covers areas
such as aims and objective significance of the study methodology, scope and
limitation and organization current state of the act of the company.
The second chapter is on literature review, which deal
elaborately on the case study historical background company technical terms and
computerization current state of the art of the company.
The third chapter of study deals explicitly on the analysis
of the existing system, description of current procedure, problems of existing
system, description of proposed system and advantages of the proposed system of
the company.
The fourth chapter focuses on the explanation of design of
the system implementation on the system and documentation on the system.
The last chapter of the study is the summary and conclusion
and it also covers areas such as recommendation experience gained and reference
for the efficiency of the research work. Besides the appendix system flowchart
program flowchart sources program listings and computer outputs were also
designed at the end of the project work.
Management: Is the groups of individuals who make decision
about how a business is a run.
Support: Is the act of holding in position so as to perform
your duties or to bear the weight.
Hardware: Is the physical component of a computer that feel
and touched e.g. keyboard, monitor etc.
Software: is the collection of computer programs and related
data that provide the instruction to accomplish a goal or achieve an aim.
Computer: Can be defined as an electronic machine/device that
performs task such as calculations or electronic communication, under the
control of set of instruction called a program.
Decision: Is a choice made between alternative course of
action in a situation of uncertainty or it a selection between possible
actions.
System: Is a set of detailed methods, procedures, and
routines established or formulated to carry out a task
Manufacturing: Is the use of machines, tools and labour to
produce goods for use or sale.
Scope: Is the extent
or range of view, outlooks, application, operation, effectiveness, etc an
investigation of wide scope.
Limitation: Is the act of allowing only a specific quantity
of something or is the act of limiting or the state of being limited.
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